SPACE AND TIME

Infinite Abyss
By AlphaZealot
Reevaluation. Yes, you didn't think it was possible, but it is. I keep going back and forth on my thoughts in this theory, but I have come to a conclusion that will last another week until someone disproves it with basic logic that I am too lazy to think of right now. Anyway, back to the point. Have you ever wondered why space is black? Of course not, it's such a basic question that thinking about it would be absurd. However, I'm asking you to think about it for a just a moment. If you were to turn out all of the lights in your room, then there would be blackness. It's very simple, and basic third grade science tells us that the Black is the complete absence of light. However it does not really specify where this blackness exists. Shadows fall onto objects. As does blackness. It has a location. In other words, if you stare at the wall that is black because there is no light, the location of the blackness is on the wall, not in the space between the wall and yourself. If you put your hand up (in front of your face), the blackness falls onto your hand, not the space in between you and your hand. Still following? Lets apply the same logic (as screwed up as it is) to space. Now, if we are to believe that there is nothing in space, thus the term space would make sense, and then it should be no color. What color is no color? I have no idea, because the is nothing that exists to create no color, because the very fact that something exists deems that it has a color. Its like gods voice, you can’t imagine it, its beyond out brain capacity. Anyway, we know that there is nothing located between our planet and a star, because we can see a star. So the ether, or space between our planet and a given star, is not black, but just non-existent. The fact remains that in order for something to have color, or be black; there must be something for this color to fall on. There must be some curtain beyond our edge of the universe that is has no light, and causes the color of black. Maybe we are a new universe, and an older previous universe died out and condensed into and spherical black shell beyond the edge of our current universe. Or maybe I'm just crazy...
Flying Time
By Vertigo
As the saying goes, "Time flies when you're having fun!" This can be eerily true sometimes, but can it really be that time seems to flow faster when we are energetic and enjoying ourselves? To answer this we must first ask ourselves what time is. Scientifically defined time is the motion of atoms. A second is the amount of time that atoms and other particles of matter move from point A to point B. What may be a second for some matter may be entirely different for others. Back to the point, when a person is energetic, actively thinking and enjoying themselves, "having fun", the matter that makes up their body and brain may move faster than normal. Likewise, when that same person is bored and depressed, thinking only negatively or anxiously, and not being comfortable and enjoying themselves, they move slower in general causing that same second to be longer and more drawn out. Thus when you observe time from the inside, you can theoretically control...
Aliens
By AlphaZealot
Many people believe that we are alone in the universe, but is there life beyond our galaxy, beyond what we can see and is just waiting to be discovered? Well, many people believe that there are such things as aliens. They spend their whole life looking for aliens when the truth is all around us. Aliens walk and talk like they're one of us, but when they are alone, are their secrets revealed. Aliens have been studying mankind for as far back as when we first made permanent settlement on the earth. In fact many Egyptian gods were originally the result of Alien sightings. But will the aliens attack and if so why? Well the government has known of aliens for a long time. They are afraid that if they admit it, it will cause public hysteria. So they cover up what is already the result of alien doings. The red Sea in the bible was actually the work of aliens. Trying early attempts to poison our water supply. But now the government knows enough to cover up such attacks, and thus alien sightings are less and less frequent. Now UFOs in the sky are actually highly advanced government planes that they don't want the common citizen to know about. So there you have it, the truth. But will we ever know the truth for sure? We may never know...
Mars
By AlphaZealot
Mars... For years now we've looked at her and wondered what lies beneath her surface: vegetation, water, and life? The truth may be that that an ancient civilization used to live there. Why is it not there now? Simple: about a thirty-five million years ago an asteroid the half the size of Alaska crashed into the planet's surface. The land quickly became uninhabitable because the atmosphere was destroyed and the water was quickly being sucked into space. What is there to keep this from happening to us? Simple again: Jupiter is usually in the right alignment all year round so that its gravity pulls in any wondering asteroids. That's one of the reasons that Jupiter has about thirty different moons. Anyway, when the asteroid crashed into the planet, the Martians dug beneath the surface to where the water would not escape. They manipulated their environment to suit their needs. About six years ago we sent the first unmanned droid to Mars. This made the Martians aware that we had advanced further than they had expected. In fear that we might discover and ruin their home world they destroyed many of the probes sent to pick stuff up on mars. They are now aware that we wish to inhabit their home world. So, they are preparing a strike before we know it. We could be facing extinction ourselves. Or maybe they'll let us kill us off and ally to claim our home world. Maybe...
Gravity
By Slash
Assuming the Big Bang is true, but also assuming that God caused it, his only physical power over the universe could be gravity, since gravity is nothing more than a defining law. We can't explain why it's there, why matter is attracted to other matter, it's just there. So once we narrow down all these other mysterious things (like how the universe came to be) as explicable gravity remains most certainly inexplicable. But, Einstein determined that space is a lot like a flat cloth. Putting a large object somewhere creates dent and sucks smaller objects in, thus there is gravity. However, if there were a universal fabric, wouldn't there be a noncircular pattern based around heavier celestial objects? I used to believe in fabric, but I no longer do. I think it lacks a definitive pattern that would have to exist with fabric. The only pattern I see is the normal little-surrounding-big pattern. Of course, there is no definite "photograph" of the universe, so we get back to our lack of evidence on both sides. If there was weight, and then wouldn't there be "indentations" with the heavy objects, therefore forming noncircular patterns for stuff like solar systems and galaxies? It's possible that that is so, how would we really know? Galaxies, atoms, and stuff like that would most likely take on a funnel shape... unless gravity is far different outside planetary gravity wells... yet it seems so unlikely... The space fabric may only be an example of what our minds can understand, although there are indentations, they may not exist in normal space, thus no patterns to be seen. This only leaves more open to question, and asks more questions about the universal force that connects us...
Rare Earth
By AlphaZealot
Earth is our home, our only suitable home. We look to other planets to see if they too could be a home for us or are already home to other life forms. Now most people think that with billions of planets in a galaxy and billions of galaxies in the universe that it is impossible for they're not to be hundreds of millions of different species. There is actually a formula to determine the number of planets that could hold intelligent life. Since there are a number of factors in the formula that must be considered I'll only mention a couple of the major factors that contribute to intelligent life. First there a planet most has a suitable solar system with a sun. Then there is a "spot" in the solar system where life is most likely to be. This is due to the size of the planet, its location from the sun, and its location in relationship to other planets. If a planet is to far from the sun then it will be too cold for life to survive. If it is to close, it will be too hot for life to survive. If the planet does not have gas giants to protect it from asteroids and other objects it will not survive for very long. Some other major factors are the minerals on the planet and resources on a planet. You need certain elements such as water and energy (Lightning). With out these elements life will never start. Then once life starts you must have a stable atmosphere for about a billion years for life to progress to complex organisms. Now that there are creatures like frogs, dinosaurs, and other organisms that live on land there needs to be genetic mutations to create intelligent life, or the ability for creature to evolve. Every person remembers how dinosaurs became extinct right? Well if that hadn't happened then, intelligent life may never have existed. But that's off the subject. In conclusion there are most likely hundreds of millions of single celled organisms, but maybe only a couple thousand intelligent life forms and when you add distance into the formula then it seems unlikely for us to discover any of them. But who knows what the future may hold?Some factors of this theory taken from the book Rare Earth
The Matter/Antimatter Universe
By Vertigo
Antimatter intrigues me. I find it extremely interesting that such a thing exists, alike in some ways to matter, but opposite in others. One day I was mentally considering the properties of antimatter, such as: weather or not anti-neutrons are the same as neutrons because they have no charge an then remembering that neutrons and protons are made up of 3 quarks each and concluding that up and down quarks must have opposite charges in antimatter and that an anti-neutron was different from a neutron because it must have two up quarks with -1/3 charge and a down quark with a +2/3 charge, making it neutral, whereas a neutron have two +1/3 up quarks and one -2/3 down. So are up quarks down quarks in antimatter, or just anti-up quarks? Anyway...I devised a new theory of the universe. Each paragraph makes things more confusing. Read with caution. Let's start with the big bang. In my model of what I call the figure eight or hourglass universe, in which there are two more or less enclosed sections, the big bang occurred at the point of intersection. The point of pure energy, upon explosion, released an equal about of matter and antimatter. Why didn't the universe annihilate itself then? Well, the matter went one way on through the hourglass, while the antimatter went another way. However, only a small amount was released, but this spread out to form the matter universe (ours) and a parallel antimatter universe. The remainder of the mass at the big bang then collapsed on itself, leaving a black hole, but the matter and antimatter universes kept expanding to their present size. So why is there antimatter in our universe? Well, some of it got stuck there, but I'll get to that later. I believe that this black hole serves as a medium to transfer small amounts of matter and antimatter into the opposite universe. So antimatter that gets too close to the "intersection of the figure eight" gets drawn in, but then deposited on the other side. Likewise, matter exists in limited quantities in the antimatter universe. On second thought, maybe we are a matter planet trapped in the anti matter universe, and at imminent risk of being destroyed by all the antimatter around us. Anyway... So what pulls apart the matter and antimatter at the big bang? My guess: more matter and antimatter, respectively. This universe diagram is more like the continuous stream of eights or hourglasses. If matter is attracted to antimatter, then when the big bang occurs, the matter and antimatter created are pushed apart by the force. The direction in which they go after going outward is to the next source of their counterpart. Matter to antimatter and vice versa. Because inertia prevents most from going backwards, they go forwards to the next line in the chain. This is accomplished before the remaining mass collapses, i.e. before the black hole. This process is not perfect however, so matter can be stuck to the "wrong side", which is another explanation for antimatter in our universe. What happens when the matter and antimatter in different eights reach each other? Well, the annihilation creates enough energy to then create another big bang, and a new universe. This cycle is continuous, because matter and antimatter universes are always next to each other. So what about the parallel universe thing I said? The concept of parallel universes is popular in science fiction and is reasonable in my theory, because symmetry makes mass move in equal ways. The matter and antimatter universes are more or less the same in form (with the exception of particle charges, etc.) There is an equal amount of matter in the antimatter universe as there is antimatter in our universe. However, since the universe is periodically reborn from the same matter and energy, all universes are similar. These alternate realities may have slightly different factors which change them. The one closest together are most similar, while far away ones are far apart. These may be the "alternate realities" for ourselves, and the effects of choices on our lives, but I wont get into that now. One more thought and then I'm done. So what happens to the universe at the end of the chain? The chain doesn't end, it's a circle. That one was easy to explain. Or was it? The number of universes is infinite, but the best model is a circle, because they are infinite, yet connected. This just leads to more questions. Could the circle expand? Is there a "figure eight" of figure eight universes? The possibilities are endless...
Does the Universe Really Exist: The Flat Line of Genesis?
By Sergio Machine and Dave George
Added April 19, 2003
The key issues rose when talking about the Universe is- which is older, matter or energy. We will try in short to point to the problem occurring with this way of thinking. If our starting point is that one of the two aforementioned must be given priority, then the new question will arise. For example, if we that energy is older than matter, the question are where did it come from and vice versa? Something had to precede something else so that it might appear. But here we face new problem. Suppose that matter preceded energy, the logical question would be where matter came from. The answer might be that matter has always existed and there is no use in going any further into questions and possible answers, for it leads us into a vicious circle without any possibility of ever being closed. Was matter the first one from which later Universe appeared in the cataclysmic explosion, the Big Bang, or was energy the first one, from which matter was gradually created. If we take the model in which the space originates from pre-matter in the Big Bang, and which results in the expanding spaces in all its luxurious appearance, the question imposed from there is> where did pre-matter come from. Has it always existed or was it created. If we start from the point that it has always existed, this would point to its existence out of time and out of space, that is Eternity. Why would something perfect, eternal and infinite transform into something far from perfection- finite and transitory. Is it possible at all that something, anything would exist without being created previously? The answer might be that the pre-matter was created, and then the Universe was created from it in the Big Explosion. So, let us take the act of creation of pre-matter itself. This will lead us to the inevitable conclusion that something existed prior to it. Was it energy and is it possible at all that energy precedes matter. Energy is created by interaction of particles, but it cannot exist per se. Transformation of energy into matter, if we take the energy to be the beginning of all things, is simply impossible. The origin of Universe from nothingness is impossible, for if there is neither matter nor energy, there is nothing from which the Universe might be created. Would the outer space really be aware of its existence were it not for the human race. The conclusions on the existence of the Universe are made by ourselves, relying on our senses. So far there is nothing unrelated to the human race that would corroborate the existence of all things. In accordance with all this the famous class is thought I think, therefore I exist could be rewritten into We think we exist.
The Perpetual Universe
By Daren Sayre
Added September 26, 2004
The universe is a perpetual motion machine, like the circle of life and the death and rebirth of stars. The universe is based around a sphere. Like the planets their orbits galaxies stars, they are all spherical. I believe the universe is as well. It in a sense feeds back into itself due to gravity. Some high intensity black holes spew matter from northern and southern poles like our own planet's weather. As the matter gets shot out from these points, the intense gravity in the center of the black hole pulls the matter back to it, creating a perpetual motion machine, never ending, spawned by the original explosion i.e. "The Big Bang". The mere size of the universe would make this effect billions and billions of years for the matter getting shot out to be pulled back in. Judging that we seem to be moving away from other galaxies I theorize that our galaxy must be nearer to the poles where the matter is moving away from itself, not the center where matter would be moving toward the huge black hole.
The Universe in a Nutshell
By Gerard Morton
Added February 20, 2004
According to my imagine model this is what I believe gravity is and how it is created thus leading to how the known universe works. Gravity is a force created when matter is being removed from a seal container. Hence I believe the universe is surrounded by a shell of matter. This is not an original idea, however partially based on a theory by a Italian scientist named Renzo Boscoli who applying the Ranque Effect (that is gas that rotates on it's own axis creates a cooler temperature around the center of the gas and hotter along the outer circumference of the gas) says that the sun is really powered by cold fusion, I believe I can explain how it works. Take matter freely detached from a shell of matter that surrounds it and is sealed. Movement however it is started is present thus energy is present and when energy comes in contact with matter not only does it change it but it causes it to break down. The very movement of this detached matter via energy causes it to break down thus began the act of creating more space in a sealed area and a suction is created! Something to try yourself to better illustrate this. Open your mouth and place your tongue against the inside of your lower teeth. Now close your mouth and slowly try to pull your tongue back, that resistance you feel is caused by the base of your tongue blocking off air from flowing into the mouth as your breath and the act of you trying to pull the tip of your tongue back, inadvertly making more space and thus creating a suction. Once the suction is created it serves to shape this detached matter and the shell around it, based on how it is moving. The suction does this because as it's name suggest is sucking or pulling at matter, both the detached matter from it's center outward toward the Shell Wall and from the depths of the Shell Wall inward toward the detached matter. For this model we will say this detached matter is moving upon it's own axis and is shaped into a spherical shape of matter (via the suction upon it's surface)or Sphere for short. The inside of the shell too is shaped according to the movement of the Sphere, in this case it's inner wall is shaped into a huge spherical shell around the Sphere (concaved). If the suction is pulling at matter on every level then what you have is the suction pulling at the Shell's walls and like wise pulling at the Sphere as well continuously. Looking at the Sphere itself, it's own rotating mass will create a suction around itself pulling any loose matter (particles or atoms or such) to it's surface and the same will occur near the Shell's inner wall as it rotates around the Sphere creating it's own suction being pulled toward the inner wall surface. Suction thus is equated in this model to Gravity and heat as we are aware moves away from the pull of Gravity. This means that the heat from the friction of the Sphere and that of the Shell wall via gravity will meet at a middle point equal distance between the two. Perhaps this is what we see as the Cosmic Background Radiation! Though the Sphere creates it's own Gravity the surface area of the Shell wall is greater and so will still have an effect on the sphere even if on a saddle level or microscopic level (atoms and particles). This means that continuously over time cavities will form within the Sphere that will via the Sphere's own gravity collapse in on itself. In doing so it's core as it collapses in on itself becomes denser and the outer layer becomes less dense or gaseous. The reason; when matter becomes denser it has a greater surface area thus a stronger gravitational pull, that stronger gravitational pull causes heat to move not only faster away but in a much larger quantity. This means that the core of this Sphere becomes cold and solid, the middle layer warm and liquid, and the outer layer hot and gaseous, you thus have a star! In this model the first star is born. Eventually so many cavities form over a large enough area within the core that the entire core collapses in on itself in one swift and powerful event; this would be equated to a supernova. Depending on the size of the Sphere at it's start will determine how big the nova will be. But if Gravity affecting the Sphere causes such an action what of the Shell wall itself. We know that when a star goes supernova what you have left is a neutron star, that is smaller then the original star. What has occurred is when the core collapses the heat released is far greater in speed and quantity then what it was previously generating and thus literally pushes it's outer liquid and gas layers off it giving rise to a nebula. The same would thus occur to the Shell wall, but there are some major differences. First the Shell wall would have a Gravitational pull, and anything close to it would of course be pulled to it. But what makes a star heat up and shine is the saddle effect of the Shell's Wall own Gravitational pull (keep in mind a suction in a seal container pulls both on the inside of the container and that which is inside the container - which ever has a greater surface area has a greater pull, in this case the Shell Wall has a greater pull). This means that the effect from the Star upon the Shell Wall would be far less and thus the Shell Wall may heat up and even give off light, but in comparison would be so minute that it would be hard to see. Especially since the CMBR would obscure any view of it! That aside, it's own supernova would have the same effect, however because of it shape and the way gravity is pulling at it would collapse in on itself or against itself! When the star goes supernova it becomes denser, hence smaller and more compact, the wall does the same as well, however. When the wall collapses against itself all at once (supernova) it constricts and does become denser but it's shape dictates it's movement during the supernova. So the entire shell would rapidly expand outward with the same explosive action as a star going supernova, only on a truly cosmic scale! Thus the cavity or area of space becomes larger because the entire Shell not just it's inner wall has expanded and become larger. But this action would take far longer to occur as oppose to a star going supernova due to it's greater surface area then the star that is effecting it. Note: In this model only one star was use to simplify the description and illustration of how it functions but can be applied to the known universe as a whole with the same effects occurring. What lies on the other side of this wall...? Since it can't be directly observed your guess is as good as the next! If my model is correct then a star never dies or it's core never dies and continues to collapse in on itself. Perhaps a black hole is not a hole at all but the core of the star so dense and compact that we just can't see it! If this is the case and this is how the universe started, though it's initial start can never be fully understood, perhaps there is another explanation of how a planet is created. Most importantly, this process is perpetual, there would be no such thing as a big crunch or such, the wall would become thinner and thinner but at the same time denser and denser, kind of like taking half of every step you take in a gymnasium you would never reach the other side, nor would you technically ever stop moving!